Dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease, is often synonymous with memory loss.
However, experts warn that other subtle symptoms can signal early brain changes, especially in types of dementia where forgetfulness is not the primary concern.
Financial struggles, sleep disturbances, personality changes, driving difficulties, and loss of smell can be indicative of dementia, according to leading experts.
Financial Mismanagement: An Early Indicator
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People with dementia can experience money problems or declining credit scores years before memory loss or other cognitive symptoms emerge.
Dr Winston Chiong, Prof of Neurology at the University of California, San Francisco, said:
“Financial mismanagement can be a sensitive indicator of dementia.”
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Sleep Disturbances: A Red Flag
Sleep disorders can become more common as people age, but dramatic changes in sleep habits, such as waking at 3 am or excessive daytime sleepiness, can indicate dementia.
Joe Winer, Instructor of Neurology and Neurological Sciences at Stanford University, said:
“Changes in sleep patterns can occur years before memory symptoms.”
Personality Changes: A Subtle Sign
Subtle shifts in personality, including decreased extroversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness, can precede cognitive impairment.
Dr Angelina Sutin, Prof of Behavioral Sciences and Social Medicine at Florida State University, said:
“Personality changes can be an early sign of dementia.”
Driving Difficulties: A Complex Issue
Driving is a complex cognitive behavior that can be affected by dementia.
Ganesh Babulal, Associate Professor of Neurology at Washington University in St. Louis, said:
“Problems behind the wheel can manifest years before other symptoms.”
Loss of Smell: An Early Manifestation
Damage to the olfactory system can occur years before other symptoms, with varying effects depending on the type of dementia.
Dr Ronald Postuma, Prof of Neurology and Neurosurgery at McGill University, said:
“Loss of smell appears to be one of the earliest manifestations of neurodegeneration.”
Don’t Ignore the Signs
While these symptoms can be attributed to other age- or health-related changes, experts stressed that a combination of issues warrants medical attention.
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